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In a wireless sensor network, nodes can be deployed either randomly or regularly. There is a trades-off between these in terms of the number of nodes, deployment cost, deployment time and feasibility of placement scheme. In this dissertation, a comparative study between the regular and random node placement has been presented and it also presents the impact of boundary effect on node coverage success probability and coverage fraction. Both the Boolean and probabilistic sensing model has been used to study the network coverage. This thesis also highlights the situation when the boundary effect can be ignored. 
The work presented here covers the techniques to maximize the coverage and network connectivity in wireless sensor network in order to find out the coverage fraction for both random and regular deployment, to analyze the impact of boundary effect on node coverage success probability and coverage fraction and also to find out the maximum sensing range. It also highlights the situation when the boundary effect can be ignored.