Organizations are found in all walks of life. Government offices, banks, schools, colleges, hospital, factories, shops, institutes, political parties and so on. This is necessary to carry on activities of each one of them. Organizing is a basic function of management. It refers to the process involving the identification and grouping of activities to be performed, defining and establishing the authority-responsibility relationship. This enables people to work most effectively together in achieving the organizational objectives. In general, organizing consists of determining and arranging for men, materials. machines and money required by an enterprise for the attainment of its goals. In its operational sense, the term organizing means defining responsibilities of the employed people and the manner in which their activities are to be related. The final result of organizing is the creation of a structure of duties and responsibilities of persons in organizational different positions, grouping them according to the similarity, Behaviour and interrelated nature of activities. In brief, organizing process results in the outcome called “organization”, consisting of a group of people working together for the achievement of one or more common objectives.
ORGANIZATION
We will consider a few definitions of some authors. Money and Reiley: “Organization is the form of every human association for the attainment of a common purpose”. Puffier and Sherwood: “Organization is the pattern of ways in which large numbers of people have intimate face to face contact with all others, are engaged in a variety of tasks, relate themselves to each other in conscious, systematic establishment and accomplishment of mutually agreed purposes”.
The basic feature of any organization is the hierarchy of persons in it. It, therefore, distinguishes among different persons and decides who will be superior and the subordinate. All the organizations allow an unwritten rule that the subordinate cannot defy the orders of the superiors.